| Tatra KT4 | |
|---|---|
KT4D in Erfurt |
|
| Manufacturer | ČKD Tatra |
| Constructed | 1977 - 1997 |
| Number built | 1747 |
| Specifications | |
| Articulations | 1 |
| Length | 18100 mm |
| Width | 2 200 mm |
| Height | 3 100 mm |
| Weight | 19.9 tonnes |
| Passenger capacity seats | 26-38 (depends on model) |
| Passenger capacity standing | 105-168 (depends on model) |
| Maximum speed | 65 kM/H |
| Doors | 4 |
| Engine power | 4 x 40 kW Motors |
| Bogies | 2 |
| Gauge | 1 435 mm, 1 000 mm |
Tatra KT4 is the name of an articulated tramcar developed by the Czech firm ČKD Tatra. The first pre-production vehicles entered service in Potsdam in 1975, with the first production vehicles in 1977. A total of 1747 units were built, with initial deliveries to East Germany (DDR) and later The USSR and SFR Yugoslavia. KT4 variants were built for both standard gauge and meter gauge tramways. Production of the KT4 tramcar was halted in 1991 due to worldwide economic and political changes at the time.
The production was shortly resumed in 1997 to produce last 20 models for Belgrade, Serbia.
Since the start of the 1990s many of the earliest production tramcars have gone through extensive refurbishment and rebuilding, including the replacement of folding doors and the installation of low floor center sections.
Contents |
[1] The KT4 was originally designed to demands set out by the needs of the GDR, who found bogie cars too expensive and needed a solution to their aging fleet of two-axle vehicles. The first steps into the KT4s design were made when ČKD Tatra modified a six-axle K2 tramcar, to a four-axle suspended articulation formation which later presented itself in the KT4. The KT4 has identical pedal control systems and bogies as the Tatra T3 bogie tramcar. As production continued the design was improved, noted particularly in 1983 with the addition of thyristor control
Variations of the KT4 exist, though they are generally subtle and focused around seat layout and pantograph type.
The KT4D Model, was delivered to the following DDR cities;
| City | Delivery Years | Number Delivered |
|---|---|---|
| Berlin | 1976-1988 | 574 |
| Brandenburg | 1979-1983 | 16 |
| Cottbus | 1978-1990 | 65 |
| Erfurt | 1976-1990 | 156 |
| Frankfurt (Oder) | 1987-1990 | 34 |
| Gera | 1978-1990 | 60 |
| Görlitz | 1987-1990 | 11 |
| Gotha | 1981-1982 | 6 |
| Leipzig | 1976 | 8 |
| Potsdam | 1974-1987 | 45 |
| Plauen | 1976-1988 | 45 |
| Zwickau | 1987-1988 | 22 |
| TOTAL | 1974-1990 | 1042 |
In 1984 Leipzig handed over their 8 trams to Berlin. Since the early 2000s the Tatra tramcars in the former GDR are being replaced and sold to other countries in Central and Eastern Europe.
The Soviet Union ordered the KT4SU for their meter gauge tramways, the following cities received deliveries;
| City | Delivery Years | Number Delivered |
|---|---|---|
| Yevpatoria | 1987-1990 | 18 |
| Kaliningrad | 1987-1990 | 30 |
| Liepāja | 1983-1988 | 22 |
| Lviv | 1976-1988 | 145 |
| Pyatigorsk | 1988-1990 | 25 |
| Zhytomir | 1981-1988 | 20 |
| Tallinn | 1980-1988 | 74 |
| Vinnytsia | 1980-1990 | 81 |
| TOTAL | 1976-1990 | 415 |
The KT4YU, is the Yugoslav variant of the tramcar, these were delivered to the now Serbian and Croatian capitals. The last KT4s ever produced were delivered to Belgrade in 1997, these tramcars were equipped with IGBT-modules and named KT4M-YUB (where B stands for Belgrade to be distinguished from Zagreb model). In 2002. 30 Belgrade tramcars were modernized in Goša / Inekon, and marked as KT4-YUBM.
| City | Delivery Years | Number Delivered |
|---|---|---|
| Belgrade | 1980-1997 | 220 |
| Zagreb | 1985-1986 | 51 |
| TOTAL | 1980-1997 | 271 |
A series of KT4 trams were also produced for Pyongyang, North Korea, but have subsequently had their articulation removed.
Statistical Data, is duplicated from TatraWagen.de (In German)
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